What stainless steel material is stainless steel material cent which a few kinds

2020-07-29

What is stainless steel? Stainless steel I believe we all understand some, colloquial said, stainless steel is not easy to rust steel, in fact, part of stainless steel, both rust, and acid resistance (corrosion resistance). So many machinery plants to show that they are stainless steel, often do not do any paint treatment, and black material (the so-called black material is the name of the general steel) is must be treated rust. So what kinds of stainless steel are there? Let's take a look.

What is stainless steel

Stainless steel material, as the name suggests, is not easy to rust steel materials, belongs to a kind of metal materials, is a kind of both corrosion resistance, there is a kind of non-rust alloy metal materials.

Stainless steel with its beautiful appearance, corrosion resistance characteristics, not easy to damage the advantage, more and more by people's love. More and more stainless steel is used in POTS and pans, urban sculptures, buildings and decoration rooms. A few days ago, I saw a customer buying stainless steel kitchen utensils and appliances, with magnets on the stainless steel containers to suck to suck. I asked him why he did it with a magnet. He said, the magnet is not on the rust iron, not on the stainless steel, good stainless steel are not magnetic. It seems that people's understanding of stainless steel and misunderstanding.

Iron and steel are distinguished by the amount of carbon they contain. An iron-carbon alloy with less than 2% carbon is steel, and an alloy with more than 2% carbon is called iron. Steel is widely used because of its toughness, elasticity and rigidity. Life is all steel, but people call it different. For stainless steel, no matter whether the magnet is absorbed or not, as long as it meets its quality standards, it is stainless steel. Therefore, from the metallurgical point of view, there is no such thing as stainless iron. The main corrosion resistant element of stainless steel is chromium. Steel with chromium content above 10.5% will not rust easily. Different alloy elements are added during smelting, so there is a difference between magnet absorption and absorption. Stainless steel is generally divided by the structure of the organization, can be divided into austenite, ferrite, martensite and other categories. If different proportions of chromium and nickel are added to the molten steel, the austenitic steel is the stainless steel that cannot be absorbed by a magnet; If you add chromium and a small amount of nickel (or not add nickel) to the molten steel, the steel is the magnet on the stainless steel, also known as ferritic stainless steel; The main alloying elements of martensitic stainless steel are chromium, iron and carbon. There are more than 100 kinds of stainless steel due to the different amount of alloy. In addition to austenitic stainless steel magnet does not absorb, ferrite, martensitic stainless steel are magnetic.

Nickel is scarce in the world and is expensive. As a result, stainless steel with high nickel content will be more expensive on the market and will not be absorbed by magnets. In fact, there is a stainless steel magnet is not on. That is, stainless steel with high manganese and little or no nickel. The market price of this stainless steel is more than 1000 yuan per ton lower than that of stainless steel with high nickel content. Some dealers are taking advantage of the misconception that "good stainless steel magnets can't absorb" to cheat consumers, and the prices are as expensive as high nickel stainless steel.

Stainless steel has more than 100 kinds of features and functions are not the same. Generally do decoration, landscape, sculpture austenitic stainless steel. Because the thermal conductivity of austenitic stainless steel is low, it is not appropriate to use it as a kettle, wok, rice cooker, will use a lot of energy, but also extend the boiling water cooking time. Ferritic stainless steel for wok, rice cooker, not only has excellent corrosion resistance, and its heat conductivity is nearly half higher than austenitic stainless steel. In the washing machine barrel, water heater, xiancai basins, etc., as long as contact with water vessels should choose ferritic stainless steel. Someone complained about the stainless steel tool is not fast, this is because the wrong choice of stainless steel. Austenitic stainless steel hardening, not suitable for cutting tool, cutting tool. The tool made of martensitic stainless steel can be changed by heat treatment, such as quenching and tempering the hardness of stainless steel.

Which kinds of stainless steel material are divided into?

After many years of research and development, stainless steel has many kinds of classification. Among them, according to the different matrix structure of stainless steel material, it is mainly divided into:

Ferritic stainless steel

Ferritic stainless steel is one of the most common stainless steel materials, is a ferrite structure in the state of use as the main stainless steel. The chromium content of this stainless steel is between 11% and 30%, in addition, it also contains a small amount of molybdenum, titanium, niobium and other elements. Ferritic stainless steel in addition to a better corrosion resistance, the biggest characteristic is good oxidation resistance, stress resistance, and it also has a better thermal conductivity and minimal coefficient of expansion. But, the ferrite stainless steel plasticity is poor, therefore, this kind of stainless steel material is mainly used to make corrosion-resistant parts.

Austenitic stainless steel

Austenitic stainless steel is a kind of stainless steel with stable austenitic structure inside, which contains 18% chromium and about 8% nickel, but also contains a small amount of molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen and other elements. This kind of stainless steel material is a product with comprehensive performance and can resist corrosion of many kinds of media. Moreover, austenitic stainless steel toughness and plasticity are better, at the same time, its free cutting performance is also very good. At present, austenitic stainless steel is widely used in various industries.

Three: Austenite - ferrite duplex stainless steel

Austenitic - Ferrite duplex stainless steel is a stainless steel product with an internal austenitic and ferrite structure of half. It has the austenitic stainless steel material and ferritic stainless steel material characteristics, and compared with ferritic stainless steel, its plasticity is better, toughness is higher, compared with austenitic stainless steel, its thermal conductivity is better, the coefficient of expansion is smaller.

Martensitic stainless steel

Martensitic stainless steel belongs to the hardening stainless steel material, the biggest characteristic of this stainless steel material is that the mechanical properties of this stainless steel material can be changed through heat treatment. At present, this stainless steel material is mainly used in the manufacture of steam turbine blades, surgical instruments and other products.